北九州市在宅高齢者の口腔健康状態と治療必要性に関する研究

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A survey of the oral health condition and treatment needs of dental diseases was conducted among 601 elderly people living at home in Kitakyushu City, Japan. The purpose of this study was to provide baseline data before the planning and implementation of a dental program for elderly people in Japan. Dentition and periodontal status, wearing of and need for dentures, and the condition of the temporomandibular joint were assessed according to the WHO guidelines (Oral Health Surveys-Basic Method, 3rd Edn., 1987). Interviews were also conducted and data on the general diseases were obtained from the subjects' medical histories. Most common diseases were cardiovascular diseases followed by gastrointestinal diseases and metabolic and endocrine diseases. Physical and mental status were also surveyed. Ninety-two percent of the subjects had good physical and mental condition. Twenty-three percent of all persons were edentulous and the mean number of present teeth, DF teeth, D (decayed) teeth and F (filled) teeth among dentate persons was 14.8, 10.1, 1.1 and 9.0, respectively. The average number of teeth requiring filling, pulp care, crown or bridge abutment and extraction among dentate persons was 0.5, 0.1, 0.1 and 0.3, respectively. The percentage of dentate persons with healthy, bleeding on probing, calculus, shallow pocketing of 4 or 5 mm, and deep pocketing of 6 mm or more was 0%, 1%, 33%, 56% and 10%, respectively. The mean number of sextants with healthy, bleeding, calculus, shallow pockets and deep pockets was 0.1, 0.2, 2.2, 1.2 and 0.1, respectively. Seventy-seven percent of the subjects had dentures and 65% of the denture wearers wore them day and night. Denture treatment was needed by 54% of all persons : new dentures were needed by 22% and denture repairs by 32%. Ninety-one percent of the subjects had no unusual symptoms in their temporomandibular joint. Oral and denture hygiene were poor. Only 7% of the subjects were plaque-free and 39% of the denture wearers use their dentures with no visible plaque. Sixty percent of those interviewed had some dental complaints, and most frequently reported were difficulties with dentures and chewing. In contrast with this, 45% of the interviewed persons had a subjective need for treatment. Analysis of the results showed poor dental health in this survey group and emphasizes the necessity of improving the dental health service programs for the elderly people and also the importance of preventive programs for dental diseases in the younger generations.
九州歯科学会の論文
1991-12-25

北九州市在宅高齢者の口腔健康状態と治療必要性に関する研究

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