電場刺激法による歯周組織再生の実験的研究

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It was recognized that the application of electrical stimulation to periodontal tissue can promote the osteogenesis and cementogenesis by several investigators. They applied constant direct current as the electrical stimulation, and inserted the electrodes into bone marrow invasively. This study was designed to determine the effect of electrical field on the regeneration of periodontal tissue by microscopy and histomorphometry with the use of microcomputerbased system. Capacitively coupled electrical field (CCEF) method which can be applied noninvasively was used for this study. Stimulation equipment was Orthopak^<TM> developed by Brighton et al. in 1984. Nine mongrel dogs were used in this study. One-walled intrabony defect were created bilaterally in mandible. Dogs were assigned to three groups at random, and one group received one of the following treatment modalities : 1) 4 weeks' appliance of CCEF signal after bony defects were created. 2) 6 weeks' appliance of CCEF signal after bony defects were created. 3) As experimental periodontitis was induced bilaterally after bony defects were created, flap surgery was performed and CCEF signal was applied for 6 weeks. Each dog was treated with a CCEF signal (sine wave, 60kHz, 5V peak to peak) that was applied non-invasively through gold alloy condenser plates placed on buccal and lingual gingiva of surgical bony defect, and was applied signal intermittently for 14 hours a day. After application of CCEF signal, dogs were sacrificed. Decalcified and non-decalcified sections were prepared for the histological observation, and the following parameters were measured : the length from apical notch to cemento-enamel junction (N-CEJ), the length from apical notch to crest of new bone (N-BC), the length from base of the defect to coronal margin of new cementum (N-cC), the length from cemento-enamel junction to base of pocket (CEJ-PB), the length of junctional epithelium (PB-EpB) and cross-sectional area of callus (CSC). The results were as follows : 1) N-BC/N-CEJ and CSC were markedly higher in value in the stimulated than that in the control side. 2) N-cC/N-CEJ were significantly higher in value in the stimulated than that in the control side in the periodontitis group, but N-cC/N-CEJ did not show the difference between them in the other groups. 3) CEJ-PB between stimulated and control side were different, but did not show identical tendency. 4) PB-EpB were markedly higher in value in the control than that in the stimulated side in the periodontitis group. And, the same result was not shown in the other groups. 5) Continuing dentin resorption were shown sectionally before cementogenesis at denuded root surface, and such findings could be seen in both stimulated and control side. 6) The ankylosis between new cementum and callus can be seen occasionally in both stimulated and control side. According to these results, it was suggested that CCEF method was considered to be useful as a reconstructive periodontal therapy in periodontal disease.
九州歯科学会の論文
1990-02-25

電場刺激法による歯周組織再生の実験的研究

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