抗癌剤の家兎顎下腺におよぼす影響に関する実験的研究

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Many clinical investigators affirm that cancer chemotherapy used in the management of neoplastic diseases is an important method along with surgical therapy and radiation therapy. Anatomical, functional, and cosmetic considerations make cancer chemotherapy for oral cancer more important. Among many anti-cancer drugs, many oral surgeons use Mitomycin C (MMC) and Bleomycin (BLM) for oral cancer chemotherapy. Reports have already been made on MMC's wide spectrum for experimental tumors and on its excellent clinical anti-tumor activity. Mitomycin C has most frequently been used as the base drug in a combination therapy in which various anti-tumor agents are combined. Bleomycin shows specific indication for squamous cell carcinoma and many oral cancers are squamous cell carcinoma in histological type. Bleomycin is therefore the most frequently used chemotherapeutic agent in clinical trials for the maxillofacial region. However, the cytocidal effect of these drugs works not only on the tumor cells but also on the normal cells and tissue, and involves rather extensive specific side-effects because of their toxicity. In view of the tumor-drug-host relationship, an investigation of the cytocidal effect of anti-tumor drugs on the normal cells and tissue will be of clinical value. Therefore, the effect of MMC and BLM on the submandibular glands in domestic rabbits was investigated histopathologically. The results were as follows : 1. In A cells (cylindrical or columnar in cell form, chromatin-rich neucleus, and with a achromatic net) and B cells (similar to A cells in cell form and neucleus, but contain, in the cytoplasm which stains intensely with eosin, large granules which are highly positive to PAS stain and stain red with Azan), both of which constitute the terminal unit, both high and low dose groups of MMC and BLM showed pycnosis, variation in shape, interacinous stagnation and space, and atrophy of acinous cells, as compared with the control. These findings were more apparent in the high dose group than in the low dose group, and with an increase in the number of dose administration. Especially, in the high dose groups of MMC and BLM, B cells showed a significant decrease in PAS positive substance and in large granules which stain with Azan. 2. In the epithelial cells of the ducts which constitute the intercalated ducts, striated ducts, and excretory ducts, as compared with the control, both high and low dose groups of MMC and BLM showed pycnosis, snisonucleosis, and variation in shape. A space appeared distinctly around each duct and atrophy was observed. These findings were more apparent in the high dose group than in the low dose group, and with an increase in the number of dose administration. In both high dose groups of MMC and BLM, disappearance of the epithelial cells of the ducts was observed in the cases of 10 and 15 dose administrations. 3. In the interstitial tissue, fibrous connective tissue showed a tendency to proliferate in the high dose groups of MMC and BLM. 4. Between the MMC and BLM groups, no pathohistological differences which were clearly attributable to drugs could be determined. This findings was considered to have arisen from the fact that both anti-cancer drugs inhibit DNA synthesis. 5. On the basis of the present experiment on the effect of MMC and BLM on the submandibular glands in domestic rabbits, it was considered that the anti-cancer drugs decrease cellular functions gradually according to the amount administered more than destroy cells directly.
九州歯科学会の論文
1982-12-25

抗癌剤の家兎顎下腺におよぼす影響に関する実験的研究

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