医療施設等に関する国際比較 : 日独国民医療費比較を中心として

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Japan is making her way toward the aged society year after year. The problem in the aged society is how to control the madical expenses for aged people. Looking over the changes of the population structure of Japan, we find that it was in 1955 that the number of the persons aged 65 or over occupied 5.3 percent of the population of Japan. It was in 1985 that the number of the persons aged 65 or over occupied 10.3 percent of her population. The period from 1955 to 1985 is only thirty years. In European countries, however, it took them about 70 years, before the number of the aged rose from 5 percent to ten percent of each population. In Japan, to the contrary, the velocity of her changing into the country of the aged society was more than twice that of European countries. In this country, it is said that the large causes of death in 30's of Showa used to be infectious diseases. Nowadays, however, malignant neoplasm, cerebrovascular disease, and ischaemic heart disease are drawing public attention as three serious causes of death. In Japan the cases suffering from cerebrovascular disease decrease in number year after year. In other countries, the rate of death from, cerebrovascular disease is smoll. Both in Korea and China the percentage of death foom these three big causes of death is low. Regarding cerebrovascular diseases. The U.S., Canada, Israeli, Poland and West European countries are low in the rate of death caused by cerebrovascular disease. Except Korea, China and Chile, both the rate of death from malignant neoplasm and that of death from ischaemic heart disease are high in each country. It is in East European countries and West European countries that the death rate per population of 100,000 is high. The parts where the rate of death is low are North America, South America, Japan, Korea, China, Israeli, and, to the contrary, the parts where the death rate is high are Eastern and Western Europe. Chile is the country where the number of doctors and clinical beds is smoll. In spite of the above data the death rate of the population of Chile is much lower than that of the United States of America. The death rate of Korea is far lower than that of Japan. Medical environmenent, such as the number of doctors and that of beds, has litte relation to the rate of death. It is found that as the old grow aged, the percentage of those who go to hospital and take medical treatment becomes high in each kind of disease. In 1988 our national medical expenses were 153,000 yen per person. And in the same year, 1988, German national medical expenses per person is 194,000 yen. In Japa there is a tendency of hospitals enlarging. The total sum of the national medical expenses of West Germany was smaller than that of the national expenses of Japan. The sum of German national medical expenses per person is higher than that of Japanese medical expenses per person. The national medical expenses of Japan continues to increase by more than 1,000,000,000,000 yen year by year. In advanced countries in Europe and the United States of America, one of the advanced countries, the managers of hospitals are experts at business administration. In Japan, as of November 1, 1996, on the contrary, the Japanese medical law authorizes "only doctors" to manage hospitals. How in the world could the doctors that have no knowledge of business administration manage their hospital? This is the assignment for us to study on the future medical and business administrarion.
埼玉女子短期大学の論文
1997-03-01

著者

萩野雅司
高崎商科大学流通情報学部

医療施設等に関する国際比較 : 日独国民医療費比較を中心として

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