都市化の測定

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概要

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• Urbanization has today brought about the increasing concentration of population in large cities. Under these conditions, a new technique of measurement of urbanization is required instead of the former way, from the viewpoint of international comparisons of urbanization. That is to say that a method of measuring which can express the differences between various sizes of city in order to reflect the trend of concentration of population in large cities should be adopted. In this respect, this new method of measuring is different from that of the degree of urbanization which has been used widely. Jack P. Gibbs was the first scholar who proposed this new kind of method of measuring urbanization ( Su=ΣXY, X: proportion of the city population in each size-class and over to the total city population, Y: proportion of the city population in each size-class and over to the total population ). The present author proposes to Improve Glbbs's formula as follows: Su=Σ^^n_<i=1>RiXi Su: indix of the scale of urbanization Ri: rank number (cumulative index) of each size-class Xi: proportion of urban population of each size-class to the total population of a country The appropriateness of the above "index of the scale of urbanization" was tested by the author by comparing it with the degree of urbanization. The degree of change is shown more strikingly in the "Index of the scale of urbanization" than in the degree of urbanization (Fig. 1). And this shows nothing less than the trend of concentration of people in large cities, because the differences of various city size-classes are reflected in the "index of the scale of urbanization". Furthermore, the "index of the scale of urbanization" is related more closely to the size of population of the country than the degree of urbanization (Figs. 2 and 3). As a result, it may be said that the "index of the scale of urbanization" is more useful for measuring the urbanization of a country than the degree of urbanization. In this proposal of an "Index of the scale of urbanization", the important finding is as follows: Urbanization advances gradually to a stable condition in accordance with the development of the national economy, and the subsequent change in population composition is represented by a function of the size of population of a country and the scale of urbanization. This finding was drawn from the evidence that there is a closer relationship between the "index of the scale of urbanization" and the size of population in the economically advanced countries than in the developing ones (Fig. 4). Accordingly, the country with a large population cannot be said to have a large scale of urbanization until the economy is firmly established.

• 地理科学学会の論文

著者

• 前田 俊二

  広島大・学校教育

関連論文

• インド・ワーラーナシー市周辺農村の人口的特性 : チライガオン村とカルダハ村の比較を通して
• 総括 : 総合討論・総括 : 「高齢化社会を考える : 地理学への提言」 : 1990年度秋季学術大会シンポジウム
• 討論 : 総合討論・総括 : 「高齢化社会を考える : 地理学への提言」 : 1990年度秋季学術大会シンポジウム
• シンポジウム「高齢化社会を考える : 地理学への提言」 : 1990年度秋季学術大会シンポジウム
• 総合討論・総括 (1990年度〔地理科学学会〕秋季学術大会シンポジウム--高齢化社会を考える--地理学への提言)
• 中心都市からの距離と人口特性 : 広島湾沿岸地域の場合 : 1989年度地理科学学会春季学術大会一般発表要旨
• わが国における農村人口の流出過程 : 月例会発表要旨
• 戸所隆, 都市空間の立体化, 古今書院, 1986, 242p., 3,200円
• 総合討論 : 1.地理教育における地理的見方・考え方の変遷について : 地理的見方・考え方と地理教育 : 昭和60年度秋季学術大会シンポジウム
• 地理的見方・考え方と地理教育 : 昭和60年度秋季学術大会シンポジウム
• 都市規模分布の均衡化と人口移動 : 昭和58年度地理科学学会大会発表要旨
• 都市化の測定
• ピエール・ジョルジュ(野田早苗訳), 「アメリカ合衆国の地理」, 1973, 白水社文庫クセジュ, 136ぺージ
• カルダハ村の人口変化 (インドの社会経済開発における人的資質に関する地理学的研究)
• 石川義孝・井上孝・田原裕子編, 地域と人口からみる日本の姿, 古今書院, 2011年, 128p., 2,800円+税, ISBN978-4-7722-5253-9
• 趣旨説明(シンポジウム サスティナビリティ いま,地理教育が問われているもの,2010年度地理科学学会秋季学術大会)

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