実験心筋炎に於ける心電図変化と組織変化との相関の研究 : 未実験家兎心電図
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(I) ELECTROCARDIOGRAM OF THE NORMAL RABBITS Of late years an increasing number of patients are enjoying the outcome of the clinical application of electrocardiography. The normal standard of the rabbit electrocardiogram is necessary. Animal experiments employing electrocardiography are found only a few in Europe and America as well as in Japan. As to the study of specific lead electrocardiogram of a rabbit (chest-lead and esophageal-lead), Rothberger & Scherfs "Study on the sinus-node by the ano-esophageal lead" is one of few good papers. The rabbit is used in the animal experiment of electrocardiogram, but its normal standard is not fully known.Accordingly, the author tried to establish the basic observations in the rabbit : before the author experimented on the allergic myocarditis, the author examined the electrocardiograms of the normal rabbits and the day-to-day difference of limb lead electrocardiogram, the localization of the chest and the esophageal lead electrocardiogram and analyzed the electrocardiograms of the normal rabbits and took the statistics of them.Methods : The white adult rabbit was used, and fixed on the table on its back, its electrocardiogram was taken after inserting electrode in the rabbit and keeping it quiet for 10 minutes. The position of the electrode was in comformity with the Joint Recommendations of the American Heart Association and Cardiac Society of Great Britain.Results and Conclusion 1) The day-to-day difference in the limb lead electrocardiogram : If the photographing condition (the time of the animal fixation, empty stomach, posture, etc.) is well controlled, the axis of the electrocardiogram is stabilized and the day-to-day difference is small. (Table I)2) Chest lead electrocardiogram : (12 rabbits) Two electrocardiograms were taken : one, when the distant electrode is in the right foreleg (CR) and the other, in the left hind leg (CF) : the position of the distant electrode is thus rotated by 180°. The two are like each other. (Fig. 1) Namely, it is considered that when distant electrode is in the right foreleg (CR) or the left hind leg (CF) chest electrocardiograms shows nearly relative unipolarization. Intrinsic effect is found much in the from C_1 to C_4. The locality where there is maximum voltage is from C_1 to C_3. Transitional zone is also there. (Table II). And C_5 and C_6 show a little localization from the anatomical point of view and electrocardiographic point of view. (Fig. 2)3) The esophegeal lead electrocardiogram : (12 rabbits) The P and T wave, and QRS complex in the esophageal lead are all inverted, especially P wave and QRS complex begin to invert sharply when different electrode is nearer the head than the heart ; when it is approaching the heart, P wave and QRS complex are diphasic (from negative to positive). When it passes auricle or ventricle, they are positive. (Fig. 3) Intrinsic effect is found between O_<13> and O_<17>. The transitional zone of P wave and QRS complex are all found between O_<16> and O_<17>. And their maximum voltages are found between O_<16> and O_<17>. (Table III) The pattern of OR and OF resembles each other. (Fig. 4) Accordingly, they have relative unipolarization, but unipolarization in chest lead is superior to that in the esophageal lead from the anatomical point of view and electrocardiographic point of view. (Fig. 5) The unipolarization of OF is purer than that of OR.4) The abnormal electrocardiogram of the normal rabbit, the abnormal electrocardiogram of the normal rabbit is caused chiefly by heterotopic stimulus formation ; they are : sinus bradycardia, auricular premature beat, blocked auricular extrasystole, and ventricular escaped rhythm, etc.5) The statistical observation of rabbit electrocardiogram 48 adult rabbits were observed. The electrocardiogram of their limb leads and chest leads were analyzed statistically. The mean value, standard deviation, minimum value and maximum value of P,
- 社団法人日本循環器学会の論文
- 1960-08-20