北宋時代の郊祀
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概要
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The chiao-ssu 郊祀 festival is a ceremony to worship 't'ien-ti' 天地 (heaven and earth), performed by the Chinese emperor in the suburb of the capital. This system of chiao-ssu, which was based on the traditional 't'ien-ming' 天命 (heavenly decree) thought, was established during the Han dynasty when Confucianism formed a connection with the state authority, and thereafter was adopted by the successive dynasties. The style of the ceremony have been changed throughout history, according to the characteristics of each dynasty. In the beginning of the Northern Sung period, the T'ang system of chiao-ssu was inherited without change, but the system went through considerable changes in the course of the Northern Sung period. The purpose of this paper is to survey the changes in the system of chiao-ssu during this period. In the system called "K'ai-pao t'ung-li 開宝通礼", which was established immediately after the founding of the dynasty, the T'ang system was adopted without change, but later, the system was changed gradually. For example, by the last years of Jen-tsung 仁宗, the scale of the ceremony was enlarged, and the number of gods worshiped increased, especially in the case where the emperor himself performed the ceremony. In the Shen-tsung 神宗 era, the restoration of the ancient ceremony was advocated, and consequently the T'ang system was revised completely. Moreover, the large-scale ceremony which had been performed up to the end of the Jen-tsung era was replaced with a more simple one. Since the Che-tsung 哲宗 era, the dispute between Hsin-fa tang 新法党 (the reform party) and Chiu-fa tang 旧法党 (the conservative party) continued to struggle over the reformation in the Shen-tsung era, and the chiao-ssu System, which was closely connected with this dispute, changed according to the alteration of political power.
- 公益財団法人史学会の論文
- 1983-01-20