前四世紀初期のデルポイ : ラビュアダイのフラトリアの法とカデュスの法の背景
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Delphi, which the ancient Greeks regarded as a center of the world, was famous in Greece and the peripheral regions as the sanctuary of Apollo and for its oracles. Hence, Delphi has been widely studied but little attention has been devoted to the state or municipal community of the village itself. The purpose of this thesis is to make clear the inner workings of Delphi during a crisis in the early fourth century B.C. by analyzing two laws. The phratry law of Labyadai (CID, I, no.9) contains prescriptions about registration in the phratry, trials, funereal practices, dining together, cults and offerings. It is not a mixture of these rules, but a systematic collection of new and old laws, the center of which is a prescription concerning entry into the phratry. In this systematization we can see the intentions of the legislator. It is a reinforcement of the organization of the phratry and solidarity among its members, and an attempt to put the people's mind at rest. In the law of Cadys we find patria, a political subdivision in the phratry, and private religious corporations like heroiasstai or thiasos.The social and economic activities of these groups, whose regulation is probably one of the more important points in this law, are claimed to have increase the number of people burdened by debt and reduced the function or status of those phratries that played important roles in Delphic politics, thus changing traditional human relationships in Delphi. It seems that the case of Crates-Orsiraus illustrated by Aristotle and Plutarch indicates the conditions on the eve of the laws of Labyadai and Cadys and thus contemporary society. The author is of the opinion that behind the discord between the two families in this case, there was a struggle for control of the state and phratries among the groups which appear in the law of Cadys. Accordingly, he concludes that the phratry law of Labyadai aimed at reducing of social Conflicts and reconstructing the phratry. On the other hand, the law of Cadys seems to have set its sights on not only restriction of political and economic activities by corporations and individuals that threatened the government and civic life, but also relief of the people in poverty or on the brink of ruin and the stabilization of the economy and society in Delphi.
- 1993-01-20
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