紀州惣国と在地領主
スポンサーリンク
概要
- 論文の詳細を見る
How local seigniors, called Kokuga-zaicho (国衙在庁) or Gokenin (御家人), changed during the Kamakura period remains a problem. I try to make clear this ploblem in the case of this. The author examines the case of Saika region in the downstream area of the Kinokawa River in Kii Province. First of all the author analyzes the members of the Kishu-sogoku (紀州惣国), that was called the Saika-ikki (雑賀一揆) alliance for joint protest, in the year 1562. All of the know members are classified into the middle class of the late medieval village not the local seignior class. Their bases of operation were their home villages, and they were closely tied to the organization of those villages. The Kishu-sogoku was therefore an intervillage organization. In this area, the local seigniors, who had been Kokuga-zaicho or Gokenin during the Kamakura period, were absorbed into the villages where they lived. This absorption was not a normal development in their character. The essence of their character disappeared with the growing power of the villages. It was one typical course of change among the local seigniorst. In the case of Kongoubuji Temple close by this area, the change was essentially similar. In this area, almost all the local seigniors, who had been called Gesu (下司) and Kumon (公文) during the Kamakura period, had been ruined by the villages. But after their ruin, the positions of Gesu and Kumon remained in the village organization. The people who served in these positions were essentially the same as "local seigniors" in the downstream area of the Kinokawa River, who had changed into the village middle class. The former case is one of absorption of the seigniors' role, and the later case is one of absorption of the seigniors' families. The former case exemplifies the essence of this change. The author then tries to clarify the functions of village organizations. The tax account books were compiled by the villages, not by the feudal lords. The Kishu-sogoku paid the taxes, and were not interfered with by the lords. Village organizations demanded that Shugo (守護 the governor of Kii Province) must not interfere in their affairs, in spite of the fact that he was the lord of those villages at that time. The villages built castles for themselves, and did not interfer with one other. Village organizations in this area had much stronger autonomy than in other areas. Such organizational power in this area ruined the local seigniors of the late medieval age.
- 財団法人史学会の論文
- 1992-11-20