唐朝の医事政策と『新修本草』 : 李盛鐸将来本序例を手がかりとして
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概要
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The Xinxiu Bencao新修本草, completed in AD 659, was the first "Material Medica" to be selected by imperial order. There are probably existing manuscripts preserved in Japan and others were unearthed in Dunhuang during the early 20th century. Among the latter is a fragment of the preface to the work, a photographic reproduction of which is contained in Okanishi Tameto, Introduction to the Bencao (Sogensha 1977). The Xinxiu Bencao contains the tradition of the Bencao transmitted from antiquity, although about 8 lines of the document are missing from the Dunhuang fragment. Nevertheless, the fragment has not been given the scholarly attention it deserves, in light of its importance for the study of Tang period history and thought. Furthermore, the missing lines from the fragment match the content of the Xinxiu Bencao contained in the Kamakura era Japanese compilation, Ika Senjimon-Chu医家千字文注, proving its historiographical reliability. Concerning the fragment's sentence structure, it does not conform to the other works selected by imperial order during the period and also sings the praises of the unification efforts of the Dynasty's founder and the territorial expansion of the second emperor, while pointing out the third emperor's ideal of tingshi庭実tribute from regions on China's periphery. This Bencao was chosen by imperial order because it is a list of such tribute items indicative of the world view of a Chinese empire. The way in which the Bencao was edited and compiled is also related to such an ideal and is therefore important to understanding ways of thinking and expressing ideas during that time. In the background of the work's selection by the third emperor lies the process of building a system of medical care; i.e., the necessity of accurate directions for taking medicine and how to deal with the Court's use of "magical" herds promising eternal youth. There is the possibility that copies of the Xinxiu Bencao exist somewhere in Japan. We await their being made available to the public.
- 財団法人史学会の論文
- 2005-06-20
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