禅宗の祈祷と室町幕府 : 三つの祈祷システム

スポンサーリンク

概要

• 論文の詳細を見る

• The present article focuses on prayer rituals performed by temples of the Zen Sect in order to shed light on the relationship between that Sect and the Muromachi Bakufu and on the character of the mechanism of Bakufu-designated official temples (kanji 官寺), which tied the Zen sect, especially the five great temples of Kyoto (Gozan 五山), closely to the Bakufu. The author identifies three separate systems of prayer (kito 祈祷) : one centered on the kanji organization of the Gozan-Jissatsu-Shozan temple hierarchy, one made up of Bakufu-designated "prayer temples" (kiganji 祈願寺) and one centered around the Ashikaga family temple of Shokokuji 相国寺. At the time of the founding of the Bakufu, the kanji temples of Kyoto were ordered to conduct prayer rituals, but no preparation was made at that time to have similar rituals conducted in the provinces. The shoguns issued directives recognizing temples as kiganji to supplement the kanji organization ; and later these temples were gradually absorbed into the kanji hierarchy as they spread throughout the country, being perceived as the system of prayer for the unified aristocrat-warrior Muromachi regime. However, this prayer order went through tremendous change with the building of Shokokuji by the third shogun, Yoshimitsu, as Zen priests of this Ashikaga family temple (bodaiji 菩提寺) were requested to perform prayer rituals in honor of the shogun's birthday, pray in the Kannon Room of the Shogun's residence, and conduct specially requested ceremonies. In other words, Shokokuji was preferred to such temples as Nanzenji 南禅寺 and Tenryuji 天龍寺, which were ranked above even the kanji hierarchy. Taking the leadership in the organization of the prayer system was the Inryoshiki 蔭涼職 (the shogun's major domo) in cooperation with the Rokuon-Soroku 鹿苑僧録, the registrar and supervisor of the kanji organization. Although Shokokuji developed into the nucleus of the three prayer systems, the kanji organization was indispensable due to its traditional ties to the public and state aspects of the imperial court, thus making it possible for two different systems to stand side-by-side, indicating how the Bakufu made the Zen Sect serve its purposes in both its public and private spheres.

• 2004-12-20

著者

• 細川 武稔

  日本学術振興会

• 細川 武稔

  東京大学大学院人文社会系研究科

関連論文

• 禅宗の祈祷と室町幕府 : 三つの祈祷システム
• 書評と紹介 森茂暁著『中世日本の政治と文化』
• 中世五山禅院の外門
• 等持院・真如寺と足利氏 (古代中世日本の内なる「禅」)
• 清水寺・清水坂と室町幕府
• 北野社における神仏習合(研究発表)(第一会場(古代・中世))(日本史部会)
• 衣川仁著, 『中世寺院勢力論-悪僧と大衆の時代-』, 吉川弘文館, 二〇〇七・一一刊, A5, 三三二頁, 九〇〇〇円
• 書評 太田直之著『中世の社寺と信仰--勧進と勧進聖の時代』
• 東北中世考古学会編, 『中世の聖地・霊場-在地霊場論の課題-』(東北中世考古学叢書 5), 高志書院, 二〇〇六・一〇刊, A5, 三〇〇頁, 三〇〇〇円
• 足利将軍家護持僧と祈祷
• 室町幕府将軍家をめぐる祈祷体制 : 護持僧・祈願寺・五山派(第九八回史学会大会報告記事)
• 空間から見た室町幕府 : 足利氏の邸宅と寺社
• 洛陽三十三所観音に関する調査報告(2)
• 洛陽三十三所観音に関する調査報告(1)

もっと見る 閉じる

スポンサーリンク