近世後期の幕領代官所役人 : その「集団」形成をめぐって
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概要
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In the present paper, the author attempts to clarify the social situation of civil servants working in Bakufu daikan 代官 (deputy executive) offices in order to link together the research on central Bakufu policy concerning its proprietorships and the work that treats those fiefs from a regional standpoint. To begin with, the author investigates the lowest ranking members of the daikan office staff, the katte-makanai 勝手賄, ashigaru 足軽, and chugen 中間. In many cases, these staff members were hired by the top ranking officials (tetsuke 手付 and tedai 手代) to accompany the latter to their appointed proprietorships. Therefore, these three positions were similar in function and social position to servants (hokonin 奉公人) of samurai families. The author concludes that these three posts were clearly separated in both treatment and social background from the tetsuke and tedai, who actually administered Bakufu fiefs. Next, the author investigates the aspect of succession and inheritance among tetsuke and tedai. There were two kinds of tetsuke : one who had risen from the clerical/law enforcement position of kumi-doshin 組同心, the other who was connected to Bakufu ministers. Because the position of tetsuke could be bought and sold, there were also such persons of tedai and commoner origins who were able to acquire the position of tetsuke. During the latter half of the Tokugawa period, many tedai positions became kinshiporiented, being handed down from father to son, and thus came to be monopolized by certain family lines. The social position of tedai was not very clear, but during the period in question they tended to identify themselves strongly with the samurai class. Both tetsuke and tedai were frequently moved or "lent" (moraiuke 貰い請け) from one daikan office to another, resulting and smooth working relations within offices throughout the realm. It was believed that such lending woud contribute to the improvement of tedai job skills, and specialization was encouraged among those who had inherited the position from a kinsman. It was in this way that tedai developed strong camaraderie among themselves and formed groups. Under the influence of such tedai group formation, tetsuki of both varieties formed bonds with the tedai bureaucrat class and formed what can be called "daikan civil servant groups."Such group formation facilitated the reproduction of tetsuki-tedai relationships and became firmly imbedded within the daikan organization in the form of a very influential group capable of effecting the decisions of the daikan himself.
- 2001-03-20
著者
関連論文
- 小澤正弘著, 『関東郡代伊奈氏の研究』, 私家版, 二〇〇四・八刊, B5, 六二四頁
- 関東取締出役研究会編, 『関東取締出役-シンポジウムの記録-』, 岩田書院, 二〇〇五・一〇刊, A5, 一七六頁, 二二〇〇円
- 近世後期の幕領代官所役人 : その「集団」形成をめぐって
- 西沢淳男著, 『幕領陣屋と代官支配』, 近世史研究叢書, 4)岩田書院, 一九九八・一一刊, A5, 三三〇頁, 七九〇〇円
- 天保期の幕領長崎(第三会場(近世), 日本史部会, 第一〇三回史学会大会報告)
- 地方史研究協議会編, 『地方史・地域史研究の展望』, 名著出版, 二〇〇一・三刊, A5, 三九〇頁, 六五〇〇円
- 三 社会・経済(近世)(日本)
- 財団法人千葉県史料研究財団編, 『千葉県の歴史』資料編, 近世2(安房)千葉県, 一九九九・三刊, A5, 九六七頁
- 山本太郎著, 『近世幕府領支配と地域社会構造-備中国倉敷代官役所管下幕府領の研究-』, 清文堂出版, 二〇一〇・五刊, A5, 三九〇頁, 八八〇〇円