江戸町方の広小路における店舖営業と助成地経営
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概要
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The purpose of this study is to investigate the rights to open street stalls in early modern Edo. There were many street stalls located in plazas, called hirokouji 広小路, and the observation of them is indispensable to capturing a total sketch of Edo's city space and grasp urderstanding in more detail the activity of the city's inhabitants. Other studies of street stalls or plazas in Edo have either attempted to reconstruct their appearance in minute detail, or have been concerned with regulations laid down by the Edo Bakufu concerning the use of plazas. However, little is known about the people connected with plaza street stalls, and the major results of rcent investigations into urban popular social history has yet to be applied to their study. Due to this lack of historical research in the areas of sociology and folklore, it has been proposed that the communities made up of street stalls were peculiar and heterogeneous from the communities ordinary urban inhabitants. However, this proposal is groundless. In order to add more positive research on the subject, the author makes a cast study of street stall development in the Shinohashi Plaza at one of bridges crossing the Sumida River. He focusses mainly on how people formed rights over the management of street stalls, then, taking recent studies of the urban popular society into consideration, attempts to clarify the significance of the street stall communities. The results of this study are as follows. Small dealers, who were so poor that they could not set up stores at the front part of neighborhood land divisions (machiyashiki-omotedana 町屋敷表店), looked for other locations where they could secure shops that faced a busy street traffic. It was this, need that resulted in large groups of street stalls being built up in Plazas here and there around Edo. Edo Bakufu gave permission to open a street stall because the part of the street stall rent was appropriated for the costs of the urban administration system of Edo Bakufu. This Bakufus control led to the enlargement of street stalls groups as well as complications about how to share management rights. And the power of that enlargement overflowed the Bakufus control. Some larger merchants also began to purchase these rights. In conclusion, the author emphasizes that these communities of street stalls did not exist separately from ordinary urban society and notes the growth and maturity of street stalls as a natural factor of urban popular society.
- 財団法人史学会の論文
- 1997-06-20