Warm Working of Metals and Alloys

概要

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The authors developed a warm working method of steels, i.e. the deformation in the blue brittleness temperature range. Firstly the strengthening mechanism of warm working was made clear, that is, the increase of dislocation density due to the dislocations locked by carbon and nitrogen atoms. Moreover, the Bauschinger effect in this temperature range decreases due to the same mechanism. Various deformation methods were newly investigated ; twisting, straightening, surface rolling and pressing of joint holes for railes. In warm twisting and straightening, high strength and relatively ductile materials were obtained, due to the decrease of Bauschinger effect and the increase of work hardening. In warm surface rolling and pressing, high fatigue strength materials are obtained due to the increase of compressional residual stress and work hardening. The authors applied the warm working to non-ferrous metals such as Al-alloys and Cu-alloys. Combining the deformation with precipitation hardening and low temperature annealing hardening, high electric conductivity, high strength and excellent machinability were obtained by warm working.
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