ワイセンベルグ・レオゴニオメーターについて : レオメーター
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概要
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It is generally agreed that in the flow of viscoelastic fluids not only tangential stress but also normal stresses may be generated. This fact raises the necessity of the development of the goniometry of flow. To satisfy this purpose, Roberts^1 has developed a series of instruments named "Weissenberg Rheogoniometer." The instrument reported here is also the one devoted to this purpose. The schematic arrangement and two examples of main assemblies for torque and thrust measurments of this instrument are shown in Figs. (1) to (3), respectively. As is well known, the shear stress and strain velocity by the use of Eq. (1) in coaxial cylinders and by Eq. (3) in parallel discs. For the measurements of normal stresses, we adopted an instrument of a parallel plate type, with which the pressure distribution and the total thrust on a stationary disc of radius R are measured under known rotational velocity and gap spacing. Relations between normal stresses and strain velocity are obtained from those data by the use of Eqs. (4) to (9) with the assumptions that the influence of the centrifugal force may be neglected and complexities arising from the edge of bob and the side boundary may be simply replaced by an isotropic term p'. In the sense of phenomenological theory^1, stresses are correlated to so-called "recoverable strain" and to an over-all rigidity of a fluid in sheared state as shown in Eqs. (12) and (13). The time-dependent features of rigidity may be known by oscillatory laminar shearing tests. The dynamic complex viscosity is determined by Eq. (10) in the coaxial cylinder and by Eq. (11). in the parallel discs. It is of interest to perform the test in which an oscillatory motion is superimposed on the steady shear, for such tests may reveal a fine structure of the rigidity of a fluid in the sheared state. In the present instrument a super imposer of rotational and oscillatory motions is also furnished for this purpose.
- 社団法人日本材料学会の論文
- 1959-04-15
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