日本陸軍の団体スポーツ採用のねらいについて

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概要

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• The purpose of this study was to clarify the aims of the Japanese army to adopt team games from the late Taisho to the early Showa period. Before World War I, gymnastics had been the major teaching material for military physical education. After the war, the army began to focus on team games as teaching material. In 1928, three team games, Roukyu (basketball), Toukyusen (handball) and Kyusen (a kind of football) were adopted in Taiso-kyohan (the Manual of Military Gymnastics). Analysis of team games by the Military School of Toyama, revealed the following points. The aims of the army in adopting team games were to develop agility with judgement and team work, and to form a sacrificial and obedient mind, that requires not only soldiers but the whole nation. The army recognized that the first aim was necessary for new tactics, Sokai-sento-ho, that the army adopted, and the second was for the coming total war. A change of tactics demanded new abilities that could not be acquired by the current teaching material, gymnastics. Team games thus attracted attention as a teaching material. The army considered and established the conditions for selecting team games, one being suited for the above-mentioned aims, and another for short-term learning with inexpensive facilities and equipment. The army considered adopting such games as field hockey, soccer, rugby and baseball besides the three games adopted, but these games were not selected because the army concluded that they did not meet the desired conditions.

• 社団法人日本体育学会の論文
• 1997-09-10

著者

• 宮尾 正彦

  八千代国際大学

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