要求水準と個性

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Subjects were told to set levels of aspiration under four different social situations in pitching quoits. the four situations were : (1) to play individually, (2) to compete between two persons of the same ability, (3) to compete between a pair of good friends, (4) to compete between tow randomly selected persons, from whom the best five were to be announced after competition. GDS' in each situation were recorded and the attitudes of shifting aspiration levels were observed. We discriminated the following five patterns of attitudes. Pattern A : Shifting levels upward and downward in accordance with success and failure, adjustive pattern. Pattern B : Keeping same level reagardless of their own performances, rigid pattern. Pattern C : Shifting upward after failures and downward after successes, reactive pattern. Pattern D : Setting much lower levels than performance, negative pattern. Pattern E : Inconsistent pattern. Comparison of those patterns with evaluation on certain personality traits of the sugmect revealed this : (1) Those whose personality was secure showed Pattern A. (2) Those who faced failure frankly showed Pattern A. (3) Those who were satisfied with their own status also showed Pattern A. (4) Those who werer conciliatory varied attitudes in setting levels of aspiration accoding to the atmosphere of the situation. (5) Those who were competitive had a tendency to adhere to the same levels of aspiration no matter what their own performance might be. (6) Those who were evaluated as having good personalities showed wider goal discrepancy scores than those evaluated as having poor personalities. (7) Attitudes in setting levels of aspiration did not widely vary within each person. Upon the whole there was a considerable relationship between personality and level of aspiration behavior.
日本教育心理学会の論文
1961-08-30

著者

帆足喜与子
川村短期大学

要求水準と個性

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