対人態度における価値的認知と感情
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概要
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The first purpose of this study was to analyze the evaluative contamination in semantic differential (SD) scale. Osgood referred the dominande of evaluative factor of semantic space dimensions. It seemed that this was mainly due to the evaluative property of SD scale. Every qualifier often used in the description of certain personality traits has not only attributive property but evaluative property, so SD scale obtained by making a pair out of these qualiflers has also evaluative' property. Thus two basic dimensions-evaluation' and each attribute(all that are independent of 'evaluation')- were assumed in the semantic structure of the qualifiers. Then three different types of Scales A. B and C as in Fig.1 were derived. Now Scale B is most frequently used as SD scale, but Scale C is conceivable on each Scale B. 24 sets of scales analogous to these three scales were bollected. These scales were used for measuring cognitive ,component of attitude. Rafed persons were liked and disliked persons. This made it possible to examine the bonsistency between two attitudinal components-co-gnitive and affective-. (The second purpose of this study) 53 high school boys were instructed to mention the names of three boys each whom they liked and disliked, then to rate each of them on the 72 seven-point scales. (3X24) Hypothesis (Hy) I : Scale As are pure evalua-tion type of scales. Scale Cs are pure attribute type of scales. Scale Bs are compound sdales of both evaluation and aftribute. Hy 2 : When rated persons are, classified into two groups, liked group (L-gr) and disliked group (DL-gr): (1) On Seale As L-gr will have positive evaluation, while DL-gr will have negative evaluation. (affective-congnitive consistency) (2) L-gr will have higher means on Scale Bs. than on Scale Cs, while in case of DL-gr the reverse will be true. (affective-congnitive consistency, that is distortions in attribute congnition by affective, com ponent) (3) The rating profiles of L-gr. and DL-gr on Scale As, Bs and Cs will be as shown in Fig. 2. The rat,ings of 139 Iiked p.ersons (L-gr), and. 103 disliked persons (DL-gr) were finally adopted and factor-analyzed by the group principal varimax method to v,erify Hy 1. Then only on the sets of scales which supported Hy 1, discrepancy measures. between means of L-gr and DL-gr and on each group amond Scale As, Bs and Cs were calculated and t-tested to verify Hy 2.
- 1969-09-30
著者
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