シンガポールの教育とメリトクラシーに関する社会学的研究 : 再加熱装置としての技術教育校

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Focusing on the rigorous selective educational system of Singapore, this paper aims to paint a profile of the 'losers' produced by the system and elucidate the role of the Institute of Technical Education (ITE) where 'losers' are enrolled. Based on survey data gathered from students studying at ITE and elites attending Junior Colleges, this study first illustrates the facts that there is a lack of mobility between different tracks in Singapore's educational system, and that the influence of social classes on education exists even in meritocratic Singapore. Nonetheless, it is shown that despite the lower social classes and academic achievements of the 'losers, ' not only does their aspiration rise upon admission into ITE, but the average time they spend on studies is comparable to that of the elites. This study further demonstrates that the notion of being given a second chance and the ability to see the prospects for a future job determine the average study hours of the 'losers.' It is thus concluded that there is a strong possibility that ITE functions as a rewarming-up apparatus. Possible factors contributing to the rise of aspirations among the 'losers, ' including the efforts put in by ITE, are discussed at the end of the paper. Singapore's educational system is unique in that while the selection process may be rigorous, even the 'losers' perform well in international comparative studies on academic ability. Furthermore, it fits neither the European model of sponsored mobility nor the US-Japan model of contest mobility. Hence, by unraveling the process of how 'losers' adapt to failure in a competitive system such as Singapore's, this study hopes to bring fresh viewpoints to existing theories concerning educational selection process as well as 'losers' in the field of Sociology of Education.
2004-05-20

著者

シムチュン
東京大学大学院

シンガポールの教育とメリトクラシーに関する社会学的研究 : 再加熱装置としての技術教育校

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