北海道北部地方の根瘤線虫の生態
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A field survey of the root-knot nematodes was undertaken in the northern part of Hokkaido. The results so far obtained during the period of May-November 1955 are as follows : 1. Wild plants of 46 species covering 19 familles on which more or less galls were observed, were collected at 13 localities ; no Gramineae was infected(Table 1). Among them, 16 species which had not been recorded in earlier reports relating to the hosts of Heterodera marioni, now a synonym of Meloidogyne spp., were included. These are indicated with asterisks in Table 1. 2. Soy bean, azuki bean, pea, red clover, pyrethrum, burdock, Jerusalem artichoke, red pepper, potato, carrot, sugar beet and flax were observed to be commonly infected by the root-knot nematode. 3. All of the infected plants disclosed the presence of only a single species Meloidogyne hapla. 4. No gall was found on the roots of 14 species of plants including 11 species of the Gramineae grown inside the heavily infected sites. This suggests that these plants are not hosts of M. hapla. A list is given in Table 3. 5. The plantain, Plantago major var. asiatico, P. lanceolata and the dandelion, Taraxacum platycarpum, have the widest distribution and bear exaggerated galls when infected. These weeds were of use to confirm the presence of the nematode in the soil. 6. M. hapla was frequently discovered in characteristic soils such as peat soil, acid soil, clay soil and acid beavy clay soil ; these soils occupy a comparatively large part of this region. 7. The pyrethrum galls of nearly the same size were inoculated to 8 species of plants grown in pots. It seems that the size of the newly produced galls is characteristic to the species of the host. Fig. 3 shows the size of the galls of pyrethrum, dandelion, soy bean, peanut and potato, from left to right. M. hapla failed to attack barley, wheat and maize. 8. Plants infected by this species have extensive root proliferation and always several lateral roots just above the gall.
- 日本生態学会の論文
- 1956-06-30
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