台湾北部山地の森林植生
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概要
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The northeastern mountains of Formosa are covered with natural forests. Here the writer reports the results of his survey of the district near Mt. Rara. Machilion Kusanoi is an alliance occurring along the valley. This is a subtropical rain-forest in the narrower sense (sunsu Rubel). Shiion stipitatse develops over the mountain-sides between the altitudes of 400m and 1400m. Above 1200 to 1300m, there are found the evergreen broad-leaved alliance of Cyclobalanopsidion paucidentatae, the coniferous one of Chamaecyparidion taiwanensis, and the deciduons forest of Fagion Hayatae. Shiion stipitatae and Cyclobalanopsidion paucidentatae are laurisilvae in Rubel's sense. But whether Chamaecyparidion taivaensis is an example of laurisilvae or not, is unider question. The annual range of temperature in this district is much smaller when compared with that in the northern limits of laursilvae in Japan. The vertical boundary between Fagion and Cyclobalanopsidion at Rarasan agrees with the annual mean temperature of 13℃. The numbers of ephiphytic species increase, as one ascends or descends from the area of Shiion stipitatae into that of Machilion or that of Cyclobalanopsidion or Chamaecyparidion. But the coverage values both of epiphytes and lianas decrease in the alliance found at the higher altitude, while hemicryptophytes increase both in number and quantity. Shiion stipitatae is a typical mixed forest, and those forests found either above or below this alliance are characterised with the tendency of single dominance when compared with Shiion stipitatae. This district can be divided into two parts. The northern half is under the direct infiuence. of winter monsoon, and has Cyclobalanopsidion and Fagion in the misty belt, while the southern half is shaded by the ridge of Mt. Mokko and the misty belt here is occupied with Chamaecyparidion instead of the broad-leaved forests.
- 日本生態学会の論文
- 1954-05-25