EXPERIMENTAL ANALYSIS OF THE SIGN STIMULI IN THE MATING BEHAVIOUR IN ORYZIAS LATIPES

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ONO, Yoshiaki and Tatsumi UEMATSU (Kagawa Univ., Takamatsu) Experimental analysis of the sign stimuli in the mating behaviour in Oryzias latipes. Jap. J. Ecol. 18,65-74 (1968). Sign stimuli releasing the mating behaviour of the male fish in Oryzias latipes were analyzed through the models. In Experiment I the movement pattern of the stimulating source was analyzed through Model A (dead fish) and B5 (ichthyoid shaped). In Experiment II the body form was analyzed with 10 kinds of models (Mode A-J). The models fastened to the ends of the silkworm guts hung down from the T-shaped model-manipulator were set in motion through the manipulator by hand in both experiments (Experiment I and II). The direction and velocity of movement and the size of the models were analyzed in Experiment III and IV respectively through the models set in motion mechanically by the motor. The following results were obtained in these experiments. Experiment I. 1) When the model was set freely in motion like the normal swimming and sometimes was made to show head-up (M2), the mating behaviour of the male was most remarkably released. 2) But also in the horizontal movement of the model the mating behaviour of the male was fairly observed. 3) Even only the head-up of the model released a little mating behaviour. 4) The beating (F8) was often observed in the horizontal movement of the mode. 5) The results obtained with Model A showed little better values than those with Model B5. Experiment II. 1) Arranging the models in descending order of their effectiveness, the following formula is obtained. A (dead fish)>B5 (ichthyoid)>E (inversed isosceles triangular board)>D (cylindrical)>H (semi-circular board)>G (fishlike triangular board)>C (conic)>F (isoscles triangular board)>I (spherical), J (fishlike tin-plate sheet). 2) Model A showed the bert results among all. 3) Model C showed the mating behaviour only in two instances and Model F also only in one instance. 4) No reaction to Model J was observed. 5) Not a few individuals showed crouching (F5) to Model I. From these results it is concluded that the elongated solid of a certain size can release the mating behaviour. Furthermore, the swollen ventral part of the female is regarded to be effective to release the mating behaviour in the male. Experiment III. 1) The beating (F8) are more often observed in the horizontal movement than in the up-and-down one. Also the mating behaviour was more frequently observed in the former than in the latter when both movements were of equal velocity. In general, however, the direction of the movement is not so important to influence the mating behaviour. 2) Both the frequency of the mating behaviour and the number of the reacting individuals are rather high within the velocity of 78.2-163.2cm per minute. This velocity coincides with the normal swimming velocity in the fish. Experiment IV. 1) The mating behaviour has the highest releasing valency when the size of the model is 24.0-30.0mm. 2) The ratio of body length of 1.00-1.20 showed the best results. 3) The larger than B7 (28mm) the body length of the model is, the fewer the frequency of the mating behaviour becomes. The smaller than B5 (24mm) the former is, the fewer the latter becoms. 4) The crossing (M6) was observed only within the size of the model 20.0-28.0mm. The effective of the sign stimuli in the mating behaviour with special reference to the ratio of body length and the body form is narrower than in the schooling behaviour. This is regarded to have probably a profound relation with the fact that while the schooling behaviour is general or fundamental through the individual life, the mating behaviour is comparatively special or limited only in the adult.
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EXPERIMENTAL ANALYSIS OF THE SIGN STIMULI IN THE MATING BEHAVIOUR IN ORYZIAS LATIPES

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