I ミツバチ群における花粉採集蜂数の日遇および季節的変化(予報)
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概要
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According to the previous studies, the pollen income to the honeybee colony varies seasonally and increases parallel to the upswing of brood rearing. This fact suggests that some regulative functions act to increase the number of pollen-foragers. As the first step to analyse such probable regulation, the diurnal and seasonal variations of the number of pollen-foragers were observed correspondent to the population growth of a single honeybee colony. The counts were made about weekly from late April to mid September on the days of favorable weather conditions in 1959. The number of homing bees and pollen-foragers among them were counted at the hive entrance from 8 : 00 to 17 : 00 for 10 minutes at intervals of an hour. The population growth was estimated by BODENHEIMER' smethod and corrected by NICKEL-ARMBRUSTER's death rate. The results are summarized as follows : 1) Except under unfavorable weather condition, the pollen-foragers were always more abundant in the forenoon than in the afternoon, while other homing bees were often more abundant in the afternoon than in the afternoon. 2) From the records taken during 10 : 00 to 10 : 10 a.m., the fluctuation of the number of homing bees was more conspicuous than that of the pollen-foragers. The number of homing bees corresponded in general to that of more than 10 days old bees (potential foragers) but the number of pollen-foragers showed no such correlation. 3) The ratio of the pollen-foragers to the homing bees was high during early spring, early June, early July and late summer, except early spring and late summer, the periods being approximate to that of rapid increases of the eggs laid. 4) Consequently, it is assumed that the foraging efficiency is determined by 1) the duration of a single pollen-foraging trip, 2) the trip number per day and 3) the weight of each pollen loads foraged, being variable according to seasons and kind of pollen sources and that from the result 3 mentioned above, a regulative mechanism to change the workers into the pollen-foragers occurred in the honeybee colony.
- 日本生態学会の論文
- 1961-04-01