熱帯林の多様な送粉共生系 : 花の上で繁殖する送粉者
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概要
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This paper reviews interactions of plants and pollinators breeding on flowers. The interactions are categorized into three groups based on resources used by larvae of the pollinators. Plants in the first group are pollinated by ovule parasites. Only five plant lineages, Ficus (Moraceae), Yucca (Agavaceae), Lithophragma (Saxiphragaceae), Trollius (Ranunculaceae) and Lophocereus (Cactaceae), are included in the group. The second group includes plants pollinated by insects whose larvae feed on pollen grains. In this case the pollinators are thrips (Thysanoptera) without exception. Although thrips were considered to rarely contribute to pollination, many thrips-pollinated plants have been reported recently. Plants belonging to the last group are pollinated by insects breeding on decomposing floral parts or inflorescences after pollination. This group includes many plant species of different families pollinated by Coleoptera and Diptera. The last group differs from the other two in that the specificity of pollinators to the host varies, and the parasites are not always close relatives of the pollinators. Therefore, a shift of pollinators between related or unrelated insects may occur in this group. Considering the successive recent discoveries of plants categorized in the last group, many more plants than initially thought may have pollination systems in this category. Further studies of this group may reveal dynamic aspects of interactions among plants, pollinators and herbivores.
- 日本生態学会の論文
- 2002-08-10
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