地域の中の学校

概要

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A school in community should generally have a close and good connection with people there for its good management which is further supported by the people. But this connection tends to be broken up by a great change in life patterns in community caused by the recent economic growth. A school and the people in a small rural community in particular have kept a better relation between them, because they have made much effort to promote mutual benefits; the one provided with such services as performed by the teachers to act as a consultant or guide to the people for their recreational activities, meetings and movements of various kinds; the other supported the school for its maintenance with their money and services. Thus, the school played as a community center, and fitted itself to the life patterns of the people in rural districts. The distribution of children inhaited in districts was vastly changed accompanied by a great deal of urbanization and depopulation with a result that many schools were newly built in cities on one hand and many schools were demolished or consolidated in the countryside on the other. A close relation between school and community which have been broken up by population movement, should be reconstructed but with a different, newly fitted type to changed life patterns. A school district in Japan since the Meiji Restoration has been coincided to a government district. When a government district is enlarged by some reasons of governmental efficiency, a school district is to be enlarged not by people's conveniences. We are now confronted with a new question to rebuild a fresh school district suitable for the people inhabited at changing life-circle. This new school district planned by the people and the school is supposed to be reconstructed systematically on the core of children's life environment. We often hear the children having difficulties to go to school because of the enlargment of the attendance district as a result of the school-consolidation. In such a case, more school boardings for children should be required for these districts. These facts, which have never happened in our history of school eduction: the entire life of boys and girls is away from home and occupied by the school from morning to night, beyond the ability and control of the teachers. Therefore, we must reconsider the functions of the school. A new relation between school and community should be reconsidered, according to the changing environment of life and educational-facilities in school and home as well.
日本教育社会学会の論文
1972-10-15

著者

溝口謙三
山形大学

地域の中の学校

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