現代日本農村における家の変容過程-農村家族の構造とその世代的発展内容の変容についての一考察-
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The postwar interest in the studies of Japanese rural families has been in the democratization of human relations in the rural family. In this paper, we examine the changing process of the rural family. Firstly, we think that the rural family is a farming productive organization and farmer's livelihood organization. These organizations are changing with the progress of Japanese capitalism. So, the problem of democratization of human relations in the family must be understood from the viewpoint of the rationality of these organizations. The fundamental type of the Japanese rural family is an extended family, which consists of grandfather, father, and the oldest son's family. In this family organization neither grandfather nor grandmother has any access to new ways of farming production, but they participate in decision-making process. We think that this will check the progress of farming. But today, farming techniques and knowledge are changing remarkably. So the traditional form of the organization that the oldest son is taught farming techniques and knowledge by his father is not effective any longer. We are sure that presently the powers of grandfather and grandmother will be weakened. On the other side, even the oldest son who is expected to succeed to his father's estate goes out to city. He is unhappy because the family organization does not pay any personal reward to him but omits him from the decision-making process of the organization. Thus, the traditional form of an extended family is broken. The traditional Japanese rural family had constantly a great deal of labor force within the family from generation to generation, and it had a periodicity. But the recent trend that even the oldest son goes to city and the second or the third son succeeds to his father's estate, is changing this periodicity of family. In conclusion, when the youngest son succeeds to his father's estate, the labor force within the family becomes the least from generation to generation, and a period becomes the longest. In this sense, too, an extended family which has supported Japanese agriculture by means of intensive farming method is being broken.
- 日本教育社会学会の論文
- 1962-10-10
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