日本に於ける銑鐵製造の現状及進歩
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概要
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There had been, of course, the pig iron manufacture from ancient times in this country. But till the end of the ninteenth century, being carried in a traditional, rudimental manner, and having not much demand, it was very poor. The progress of the iron manufacture as well as all other material civilization in this country has been much slower than that of many other countries, owing to the national isolation policy that continued for some two centuries and a half. Although the application of the blast furnace process has begun in 1880, the hud of the present development of the modern pig iron manufacture, sprouted in the establishment of the government steel works in 1896. Since then they have, these thirty years, learned much from the advanced nations and studied also themselves, and it has progressed step by step to the present state. The scarcity of iron during the world war suddenly excited the iron manufacture ; and there appeared two hundred pig iron manufacturing works, big and small. After the war, the weak rooted works gradually disappeared, and there remain eight large plants and a few small ones at present in Japan proper, Korea and Manchuria. The government and people are working upon their motto- "Self-support and self-sufficiency" of iron and steel. The latest annual production of the pig iron amounted to 1, 517, 751 tons, and this number corresponds to 79.7 per cent of the total demand. Many of the iron deposits in Japan proper are impossible to work economically in normal time, therefore great parts of the ores required are now imported from Central China and Malay Peninsula. Those in Korea and Manchuria are so plenteous in amount as to meet the demand of the iron works there. The large quantity of iron sand which lies scattered in this country, is not yet practically utilized, though various studies have been done on it. The difficulty of getting a fitted good coke for blast furnace working, is a rather serious subject than the obtaining of the ores. Indeed, the unfit quality of coke obstructs the advance of the blast furnace working in many cases. There are at present twenty comparatively large blast furnaces over 100 tons of daily output. 14 (3 not active) in Jadan proper 2 in Korea 4 in Manchuria The largest of these produces about 350 tons a day. Besides, two 500 ton-furnaces are in the course of erection now. We think when glancing at all over the world, that the blast furnace equipment and operation in this country are not so much behind the times. Recently the "one heat principle" for the iron and steel making has been loudly advocated ; and pig iron is used not only in molten state. but the steel plants are tending to equip closely the blast furnace simultaneously. The attentions are paid on the utilizations of the furnace gases and slag. There are several iron manufacturing processes other than the blast furnace process. Some of them are out of use now, and some are not yet perfect in practice. The products of the ferro alloys amount to 16, 000 tons during one of the latest years and it corresponds to 76 per cent of the total demand in this country.
- 社団法人日本鉄鋼協会の論文
- 1930-03-25