Growth Responses of the Cuttings of Two Willow Species to Elevated CO_2 and Temperature

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Growth of the cuttings of two willows (Salix sachalinensis Fr. Schmidt and S. miyabeana Seeman) was examined at CO_2 levels of 36 Pa and 70 Pa and at two temperature regimes to assess possible changes in the competitive abilities between the two species under elevated CO_2 and temperature. Both willows are typical light demanding species. At 70 Pa CO_2, the formation of sylleptic shoots of was accelerated to a greater extent in S. sachalinensis than in S. miyabeana. In both species, leaf area, specific leaf area, and chlorophyll and nitrogen concentrations decreased under elevated CO_2. A positive correlation between foliar nitrogen concentration and net photosynthetic rate measured at growth CO_2 level was observed. In all treatments, nitrogen use efficiency for the photosynthetic capacity was higher in S. sachalinensis than in S. miyabeana. After 78 days of cultivation, dry mass of the whole plant was 1.5 times greater for S. miyabeana than for S. sachalinensis. Under fertile conditions, S. miyabeana may be more competitive than S. sachalinensis in an early stage of regeneration as a result of its rapid height growth.
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