Endosymbiosis of Aphids with Microorganisms : a Model Case of Dynamic Endosymbiotic Evolution(<SPECIAL ISSUE>THE 25TH SYMPOSIUM)

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概要

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• Almost all aphids harbor prokaryotic intracellular symbionts in the cytoplasm of mycetocytes, huge cells in the abdomen specialized for this purpose. The aphids and their intracellular symbionts are in close mutualistic association and unable to live without their partner. The intracellular symbionts of various aphids are of a single origin ; they are descendants of a prokaryote that was acquired by the common ancestor of the present aphids. The date of establishment of the symbiotic association is estimated to be 160-280 million years ago using 16S rRNA molecular clock calibrated by aphid fossils. Molecular phylogeny indicates that the intracellular symbiont belongs to a group of gut bacteria, suggesting the possibility that it was derived from a gut microbe of aphids. While the intracellular symbionts are universal and highly conserved amongst aphids, other types of symbiotic microorganisms are also present. In various aphids, bacterial "secondary" intracellular symbionts are found in addition to the standard symbionts. They are thought to be acquired many times in various lineages independently. Some Cerataphidini aphids do not have intracellular symbiotic system but harbor yeast-like extracellular symbionts in the hemocoel. In a lineage of this group, symbiont replacement from intracellular prokaryote to extracellular yeast must have occurred. The diversity of the endosymbiotic system of aphids illuminates a dynamic aspect of endosymbiotic evolution.

• 種生物学会の論文

著者

• FUKATSU Takema

  Zoological Institute, Faculty of Science, University of Tokyo

• Fukatsu Takema

  Zoological Institute Faculty Of Science University Of Tokyo

• Fukatsu Takema

  Zoological Institute Faculty Of Science The University Of Tokyo

関連論文

• Tuberaphis leeuweni (Homoptera), a Tropical, Monoecious, Gall-forming Aphid with Soldier-like Nymphs
• Phylogeny of Cerataphidini Aphids Revealed by Their Symbiotic Microorganisms and Basic Structure of Their Galls : Implications for Host-Symbiont Coevolution and Evolution of Sterile Soldier Castes
• Taxonomic Position of the Aphid "Astegopteryx" takenouchii (Homoptera), with Notes on its Defenders on the Secondary Host
• Hamiltonaphis, a New Genus of the Aphid Tribe Cerataphidini (Homoptera)
• Species Differentiation of Bruchid Beetles (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) Analyzed by Mitochondrial DNA Polymorphism
• Endosymbiosis of Aphids with Microorganisms : a Model Case of Dynamic Endosymbiotic Evolution(THE 25TH SYMPOSIUM)

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