北日本に於ける土壌の生成過程 : 気候的土壌型(第一報)
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概要
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The morphological and chemical features of each horizon in the soil profile of residual forest soil of tertiary shale from Wakkanai province - northern part of Hokkaido - were studied and the soil types were discussed in this report. The morphological feature of the soil profile was observed as follows : [table] As a result of the determination of total and acid humus in each horizon of the soil profile, it was found that it was accumulated in A_1 while in A_2 it was washed down. Some acid humus was deposited in B_1 as a result of removal from the upper horizons. The result of complete analysis of the mineral portion of the soil in each horizon indicated that the accumulation of silica, and removal of the sesquioxides and bases in A_1 and A_2 horizons have occurred. Especially the removal had been marked in the latter as compared with the former ; so the deposition of the sesquioxides was seen in B_1 horizon. The molecular ratio of silica to alumina and alumina to bases calculated from the result of the complete analysis also proved that the accumlation and removal of the matter in these horizons had occured respectively. The amount of mineral ingredients dissolved in hot hydrochloric acid indicated that the same tendency of accumulation and removal occurred in these soil horizons as aforesaid. The molecular ratio of SiO_2 to Al_2O_3 and Al_2O_3 to bases in this case was found as SiO_2 : Al_2O_3 = 6.63 : 1 and Al_2O_3 : bases = 1 : 0.30 in A_2 while SiO_2 : Al_2O_3 = 5.31 : 1 and Al_2O_3 : bases = 1 : 0.53 in B horizon. From the result above mentioned it is clear that Wakkanai forest soil should be classified in the group of podzol soil type. "Verwitterungsziffer K and B" proposed by HARRASSOWITZ were calculated from the result of the complete analysis on A_2 and C horizons. The values found agreed well with those presented by that author, which indicates that the soils have undergone the podozolization process. The leaching value β and shifting value μ which were described by JENNY recently were also calculated from the result of the complete analyses of A_2 and C horizons. The calculated values prove clearly that the soils studied were formed from shale under the influence of the podzolization process.
- 社団法人日本土壌肥料学会の論文
- 1934-12-05
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