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The auther had formaly reported on the empty husks in rice plants, aud pointed out that the sterile grains and blasted grains (fertilized but blasted in early stage to their development) are included in the empty husks, and parthenocarpic grains are found frequently in sterile grains. The present studies were carried out on the effects of restricted sunshine, of darkness and of restriction of number of flowers on panicle upon the occurrence of empty husks, in order to ascertain which stage of growth will be seriously affected dy these unfavourable conditions and to inquire into the cause of the occurrence of empty husks. The results are briefly summerized as follows : - (1) Sterile grains were numerously found on the heads which had been treated (under restricted sunshine or darkness) at the heading time or there about, to be more exact the flowers which were on these heads and opened at the latter period of treating duration were most seriously affected. Under such environmental conditions (restricted sunshine and darkness), physiological activity of rice plant became weaker and weaker, and fertilizing ability of flowers decayed gradually, though pollination has been normally performed. Under restricted sunshine, fertilizing ability of the weaker flowers such as the second and the third flowers on second order branches of panicles diminished and that of the other vigorous flowers did not diminish, but in darkness that of the vigorous flowers diminished as well as that of the weaker flowers. These may be due to the fact that the physiological activity of plant declines more badly in darkness than under restricted sunshine. (2) Blasted grains were numerously found in the weaker flowers on the heads which had been under restricted sunshine for 10 days from few days after heading, but they were rare in the other flowers on the same heads. Darkness for 4 days influenced scarcely on the occurrence of blasted grains. Under restricted sunshine, physiological activity of plants become weaker and weaker, as a matter of cause locomotion of nutrients to kernels of the weaker flowers shows a phenomenal decrease, then these kernels will be able to develop no more, and remain as blasted grains. In darkness physiological activity of plants declines more severly than under restricted sunshine but this condition continues only 4 days, therefore the locomotion of nutrients into kernels of the weaker flowers resumes after a while and these kernels will begin to develop again. (3) When upper five branches on panicle were cut off at several days after heading, the function of remaining flowers will become vigorous, and the locomotion of nutrients into that flowers will become plentiful. This treatment applied untill five days after heading diminished the sterilizing percentage, and the blasting percentage was decreased when the treatment was applied untill 15 days after heading (about 7 days after flowering of weaker flowers on panicle). And this treatment is more effective on the decrease of blasted grains than on that of sterile grains, because the blasted grains come of the declination of flower function and nutrient locomotion.
日本作物学会の論文
1950-08-30

粃に關する研究 (I)

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