Competitiveness of Four Rice Cultivars against Barnyardgrass, Echinochloa oryzicola Vasing, with Reference to Root and Shoot Competition
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概要
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Four cultivars of rice (Oryza sativa L.) different in plant stature were grown on a paddy field, fairly fertile without nitrogen application, with or without barnyard grass, Echinochloa oryzicola Vasing, in the middle of the rice rows. The reduction of the growth variables of the four cultivars by competition with E. oryzicola was examined. The effect of a veneer board inserted in the soil between the rice and barnyardgrass rows was also examined to evaluate the growth reduction by shoot competition (WC_s) and root competition (WC_r) separately. On the average, the reduction of top dry weight (DW_>top<) by competition with weed (full competition, WC_f) and by WC_r increased with the time during the early growth period. Thereafter, the reduction of DW_>top< by WO_r decreased steeply and instead the reduction by WC_s increased and became a primary factor of the reduction by WC_f in the late growth period. Nitrogen accumulation in the top (N_>top<) tended to be reduced at a higher rate than DW_>top< by WC_r. The cultivar difference in the rate of DW_>top< reduction by WC_f was largest at maturity ranging from 0.22 in Ch86 (very tall indica) to 0.45 in Taichung65d47 (short japonica), and was intermediate in Taichung65 (moderately tall japonica) and Takanari (moderately short indica). The reduction of DW_>top< and N_>top< by WC_s in all cultivars almost fully accounted for that by WC_f at maturity and closely correlated with the height of rice plant. Although the rate of DW_>top< reduction by WC_r before heading significantly differed among cultivars (0.13 - 0.28),it did not contribute to the rate of DW_>top< reduction by WC_f at maturity (0.01 - 0.06). These results indicated that shoot competition was a more important factor to cause cultivar difference in the reduction of final biomass by competition with E. oryzicola. Considering its great contribution to WC_f during the early growth period especially for N_>top< WC_r might be an important factor in the competition with weed of rice cultivars under crucially nitrogen-limited conditions.
- 日本作物学会の論文
著者
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SHIRAIWA Tatsuhiko
Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University
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Hone Takeshi
Graduate School Of Agriculture Kyoto University
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Suzuki Tatsunori
Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University
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Suzuki Tatsunori
Graduate School Of Agriculture Kyoto University
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Shiraiwa Tatsuhiko
Graduate School Of Agriculture Kyoto Univ.
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