Effect of Soil Acidity and Nitrification of Fertilizer Introduced by Row Application on Sugar Beet Growth in Several Soil Types(Soil Fertility)

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The present study was carried out to analyze the factors that affected the growth of sugar beet in four different soil types by using concrete-framed plots as follows : soil acidity (soil pH, exchange acidity y_1) and nitrification of fertilizer introduced by row application. Comparison of the value of the exchange acidity y_1 of the four soil types with the pH value adjusted to the same level (pH 5.1) revealed that the Humic Gray Upland soil displayed the highest y_1 value (y_1 : 18.0), followed by the Humic Volcanogenous Regosol (y_1 : 6.9), Haplic Brown Lowland soil (y_1 : 5.3), and Low-humic Andosol (y_1 : 2.2). Al release to the soil solution was considered to occur at soil pH values of 4.8 and lower except in the Low-humic Andosol. Al concentration in the soil solution of the Low-humic Andosol was substantially lower than that of the other soils. On the other hand, the soil pH value decreased temporarily by nitrification of the fertilizer introduced by row application, especially in the Humic Gray Upland soil. In this case, the soil pH value became lower than 4.8 for a time. At this pH level, Al release to the soil solution was assumed to occur. As described above, the soils displayed different properties in terms of soil acidity. In the four soils, although the growth of sugar beet was significantly related to both soil pH and exchange acidity y_1 values before sowing, these relations were not strictly valid. On the other hand, the linear correlation coefficients of the relationships between the growth of sugar beet (leaf length) and NO_3-N content in rows were higher than those of the soil pH and exchange acidity y_1. No appreciable variation associated with the differences in the soil types was observed in this relation. Furthermore, the values of both soil pH and exchange acidity y_1 were closely related to the NO_3-N content in rows and the relationship between the NO_3-N content and y_1 value appeared to be somewhat closer than that with the soil pH. These closer relations had two important implications. Firstly, NO_3-N content reflected the nitrogen nutrient conditions. NO_3-N promoted the growth of sugar beet directly. Secondly, the NO_3-N content was affected by the soil acidity, which is expressed by the value of the exchange acidity y_1. Low NO_3-N content indicated indirectly the toxicity of soil acidity to sugar beet growth. It was thus suggested that in the present study, nitrification of the fertilizer expressed by the NO_3-N content was a beneficial factor for the growth of sugar beet regardless of the soil types. Finally, to promote the nitrification of fertilizer and to minimize the Al toxicity enhanced by the decrease of the soil pH associated with nitrification, it is important to avoid low values for the soil pH.
社団法人日本土壌肥料学会の論文

Effect of Soil Acidity and Nitrification of Fertilizer Introduced by Row Application on Sugar Beet Growth in Several Soil Types(Soil Fertility)

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