THE SOURCE-SINK EFFECT OF CLAYEY SOIL PEDS ON SOLUTE TRANSPORT

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概要

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• We studied the hydrodynamic dispersion of undisturbed clayey soil with a large shrinkage crack in a soil column, 6 cm long and 8 cm in diameter. Two pore water conditions in the soil column- a completely saturated condition and an interpedal macropore unsaturated condition-were established after initial saturation either with 0.2 N-KNO_3 or distilled water. The four treatments were conducted successively in the same column. The treated column was displaced with 0.2 N-KCl. The concentration of Cl- in the effluents was then determined. The breakthrough curves obtained by these experiments failed to fit, however, to a fundamental diffusion equation, named the D-model, as follows: [numerical formula] where C is the solution concentration (meq/cm^3); D is the dispersion coefficient (cm^2/s); z is the distance (cm); and ν is the pore water velocity (cm/s). We therefore used a graphical method to analyze the pore water for anion transport by dividing it into two phases, a mobile phase and a stagnant phase. In this analysis, we assumed that, a), anion transport through a mobile phase can be described by the D-model, b), the diffusional mass transfer occurs between the mobile and stagnant phases according to differences in the Cl- concentration of both phases, and c), the actual breakthrough curve is evaluated as a compound of a) and b). The proportions of the distribution estimated by this analysis can be shown as follows: Throughout each treatment, the pore was divided into a mobile phase and a stagnant phase. The exclusional volume of the anion in the stagnant phase occurred in the experiments using distilled water as pretreatment. Particularly, when the pore space was initially saturated with distilled water, the proportion of mobile water was reduced considerably, and the proportion of the anion exclusional pore in the stagnant phase was estimated at about 30%. In case the 0.2 N-KNO_3 pretreatments were applied, the ratios between mobile and stagnant pore water were roughly equal to each other. It becomes evident that the salt sieving effect is coupled with the anion transport. We have therefore to consider the effect of inert pore on anion movement in clayey field soils.

• 社団法人日本土壌肥料学会の論文

著者

• Hatano Ryusuke

  Faculty Of Agriculture Hokkaido University

• Sakuma T

  Hokkaido Univ. Sapporo Jpn

• Sakuma Toshio

  Faculty Of Engineering Oita University

• Sakuma Toshio

  Faculty Of Agriculture Hokkaido University

• OKAJIMA Hideo

  Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University

• Okajima H

  Faculty Of Agriculture Hokkaido University

• Okajima Hideo

  Faculty Of Agriculture Hokkaido University

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