TOTAL ANALYSIS OF MAJOR CONSTITUENTS IN SOILS BY X-RAY EMISSION SPECTROMETRY WITH A GLASS BEADS TECHNIQUE

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Possibilities of X-ray emission spectrometry with a glass beads technique for quantitative total analysis of major constituents in soil samples were explored. Preliminary experiments showed that the intensities of fluorescent X-rays from Na and Mg were too low to be of any reliable significance. But when these two constituents were excluded, it was possible to determine the other main constituents with a 10-fold dilution with Na_2B_4O_7. Glass beads were made easily and effectively by using a high frequency furnace and non-wet alloy crucibles. Precision of the sample treatment was better than that of acid digestion. A mathematical approach was employed to correct errors due to matrix effects which could not be sufficiently eliminated by the glass beads technique used in this experiment. More than 500 samples of widely varying chemical compositions were analyzed for Al_2O_3,SiO_2,K_2O, CaO, TiO_2,MnO and Fe_2O_3 by the wet chemical methods and by X-ray emission spectrometry. Agreement of the two methods was excellent. More than 100 samples can be analyzed for the above constituents per month per person on a routine basis at a conservative estimate. Additional Index Words : elemental analysis, fluorescent X-ray spectrography, glass disks, fusion technique.
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