Effects of Different N Sources on N Nutrient and Microbial Distribution across Soybean Rhizosphere (Soil Biology)

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Nitrogen is the most important nutrient for plant growth. In the present study, investigations were carried out on the effects of sodium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, urea, and two types of controlled-release coated urea (LP-40 and LP-70) fertilizers on the NO^-_3-N, NH^+_4-N concentrations, and microbial numbers as well as pH distribution across the rhizosphere of soybean (Glycine max L. Merrill, var. Heinong 35). The study was conducted on a typical black soil using a rhizobox system. The results showed that NO^-_3-N was the main source of nitrogen, which was deficient in the rhizosphere in the treatments of ammonium sulfate, urea, LP-40, and LP-70, but accumulated considerably in the sodium nitrate treatment. The NH^+_4-N concentration slightly increased in the rhizosphere in the ammonium sulfate treatment, and decreased in the rhizosphere when the other four kinds of N fertilizers were supplied. In all the treatments, bacterial and fungal numbers were highest in the central compartment (C.C.) of the rhizoboxes where the soybean root systm was confined, but the rhizosphere width estimated from the increase in the microbial abundance differed among different N fertilizers. The experimental results also indicated that the fungal composition in the C.C. was less diverse than in other parts of the rhizobox compartments, and that the majority of fungal groups was represented by Penicillium spp., suggesting that the microbial distribution across the soybean rhizosphere differed both quantitatively and qualitatively.
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Effects of Different N Sources on N Nutrient and Microbial Distribution across Soybean Rhizosphere (Soil Biology)

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