Acute phototoxicity tesing

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概要

• 論文の詳細を見る

• Phototoxicity (=chemical phototoxicity) is an acute reaction which can be induced by a single treatment with a chemical and UV or visible radiation. In vivo, the reaction can be evoked in all subjects, provided that concentration of chemical and dose of light are appropriate. This acute phototoxic reactions in skin can be induced by substances applied topically to the skin or via the systemic route and exposure to UV or visible light. This reaction has to be distinguished from other photosensitized reactions, e.g. photoallergy, photogenotoxicity and photocarcinogenicity. Acute phototoxic reactions can be measured in vivo in humans and laboratory animals and in vitro in a wide spectrum of cell and tissue models. Due to differences in species specificity the acute phototoxicity data obtained in animal models showed a poor correlation to results from human patch testing. Therefore, in 1992 the European Commission represented by the EU validation centre ECVAM decided to develop and validate the most promising in vitro assays for acute phototoxicity in close co-operation with COLIPA, the European Cosmetic, Fragrance and Perfumery Association. From 1992-1998 a series of joint ECVAM/COLIPA prevalidation, formal validation and special studies were conducted in order to achieve regulatory acceptance of the most promising in vitro phototoxicity test both in Europe and at a world wide level. The studies were managed by ZEBET, the national German validation centre, and showed that a photocytotoxicity assay employing the established mouse fibroblast cell line 3T3 provided an almost perfect prediction of the phototoxic potential of chemicals in humans even when testing was conducted under blind conditions in several laboratories. Therefore, in the year 2000 the 3T3 NRU PT test has officially been accepted by the European Commission and all EU member states for classification and labelling of chemicals to assess their acute phototoxic potential. In the present review the potential of the current in vitro and in vivo phototoxicity tests will be described with particular reference to the underlying mechanisms and the results obtained in the European validation study of in vitro phototoxicity tests.

• 2001-10-20

著者

• Spielmann Horst

  National Centre For Documentation And Evaluation Of Alternative Methods To Animal Experiments(zebet)

• Spielmann Horst

  National Center For Documentation And Evaluation Of Alternative Methods To Animal Experiments (zebet

関連論文

• Current Validation Studies on Alternatives to Animal Experiments in Europe
• Acute phototoxicity tesing

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