一九世紀前半のハプスブルク帝国における工業化と地域 : 綿工業を中心として
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概要
- 論文の詳細を見る
The industrialization of the Habsburg empire is characterized by its regional nature. In this article, I try to identify the special features of industrialization in Bohemia, Lower Austria and Vorarlberg through analyzing the development of the cotton industry in each region. In all three areas, the cotton industry was located in border zones, but differences appeared during the course of development. In Bohemia, the proto-industrialization which began in the eighteenth century prepared the way for the mechanization of the cotton industry. As a result, high-quality Bohemian cotton goods were able to dominate the market. The growth of cotton manufacturing also stimulated the related industries of iron, coal and machinery industries. In the late nineteenth century, Bohemia became the most important industrial region in the Habsburg empire. In Lower Austria, the investment activities of the nobility, and of Viennese and foreign merchants, played an important role. As early as the beginning of the nineteenth century, their lavish funding made it possible to establish a large-scale mechanical cotton-spinning factory. However, the cotton industry in this area began to decline in the latter half of the century because of delays in mechanization and the relatively poor quality of the cotton produced. In Vorarlberg, the influence of the cotton industry in neighboring Switzerland played an important role in supplying capital, machinery, and expertise. The production capacity of the area was relatively small, but the quality was so good that it was very competitive on the domestic market, especially in Northern Italy. The industrial development of Vorarlberg was based on its cross-border economic relationship with Switzerland.
- 社会経済史学会の論文
- 1998-05-25