東ドイツ農村労働者の国内移動

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The internal migration from the east to the west in Germany towards the end of the 19th century was caused by the rapid development of the intensive agriculture and the coal-mining industry in the west. Great many rural laborers called "Hausler" and "Einlieger" flowed out of their rural communities, because they were, as the people in the lowest social stratum, lacking in possibility to gain their livelihoods. This article lays stress on the following points in respect to these rural laborers especially in the province of Posen. 1) The poor village people rapidly increased since the devision of common-field as the peasants were emancipated from the old common pasturage, but they suffered not a little loss, because they were deprived of their important support at the same time. Consequently they were compelled to sell their land in lots under the pressure of poverty in 1860s and 70s. 2) Many village laborers who could not gain their living in their neighbor-hood began to migrate into middle Germany as seasonal agricultural laborers on large, sugar-beet farms especially in Sachsen. In general this seasonal migration in called "Sachsengangerei", Increasingly, many laborers went to the industrial cities of Rhein-Westfalen particularly through the 1890s. While some of these migrants were German laborers who had a will to settle in the west apart from home, others were the Poles who worked away from home to earn a living or to purchase house and lot in their native country. Most of them found employment in the coalminig industry of Rule and spared no efforts to send earnings to their wife and children. The migrant laborer bound to a piece of land at home was typical of the industrial workers from the east in those days.
社会経済史学会の論文
1973-04-25

東ドイツ農村労働者の国内移動

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