一九世紀東北日本の「死亡危機」と出生力

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This paper considers several issues relating to a mortality crisis. First, it examines crisis mortality in the area of Japan formerly known as Mutsu, the broad region which encompassed the present-day prefectures of Aomori, Iwate and Miyagi, on the basis of death registers. Next, the population registers from one of the villages (a farming and forestry community named Okago) are analyzed in detail for mortality and fertility trends during the period 1830-1845, which was chosen for its comparatively complete set of records and for the high mortality rates which occurred at the time (more than 200 per thousand in 1837). Finally, the conception records for Okago village during the mid-19th century (1844-1862) are examined to make clear the seasonal cyclic pattern of conceptions and births, in comparison with data for a western Japanese farm village, Minamisakura in Shiga Prefecture. The data for this study was drawn from the village records known in Japanese as the kako cho (KC : death record). the shumon aratame cho (SAC : population register), and the kainin aratame cho (KAC : conception and birth record). Further information on the characteristics and usefulness (including incompleteness) of the SAC material can be found in the works of R. J. and T. C. Smith, or L. L. Cornell and A. Hayami. The KCs were necrologies kept by the Buddhist temples of the danka, the families associated with the temple; the KC data comes from previously published sources as well from sources discovered by the author. The KACs were village registers kept by akago seidoyaku of the Sendai clan (han), officials from the upper class peasantry who recorded conceptions, births, and follow-up data.
社会経済史学会の論文
1996-01-25

著者

高木正朗
立命館大学

一九世紀東北日本の「死亡危機」と出生力

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