スリランカにおける民族問題の一側面 : 一九三〇年代の反マラヤーリ人運動
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概要
- 論文の詳細を見る
Previous studies have largely neglected the presence of a large number of non-estate immigrant labourers in the urban areas of Ceylon (Sri Lanka) as well as the agitations made against them. In the 1930s, as a result of the serious unemployment caused by the Great Depression and the growing influence of Sinhala nationalism, anti-Indian feeling prevailed among the masses of Ceylon. A.E. Goonesinha and other politicians exploited the nationalistic feelings of the people, who gained universal suffrage in 1931 under the Donoughmore Constitution. Malayalis, who had migrated to Colombo and other cities from the area in south India which is now Kerala State, were the main target of the agitations. Many Malayalis were employed as daily-paid labourers in government and quasigovernment institutions, commercial firms, and factories. They also worked as domestic servants, peons, garden coolies, and shop-keepers. The Malayalis were valued as 'efficient' and 'obedient' by their employers but were criticised by chauvinistic politicians for ousting Ceylonese labourers by undercutting their wages. As ethntc tension grew, their shops were threatened and boycotted ; Malayalis were insulted in public and occasionally even assaulted. Under these circumstances, the Ceylonese government adopted several policies of 'Ceylonization'. The dismissal and repatriation of immigrant daily-paid labourers in government employment in 1939 was one of the consequences of the anti-Malayali agitations.
- 社会経済史学会の論文
- 1995-05-25