一九世紀後半におけるイギリス住宅組合
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概要
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The purpose of this article is to trace the history of British building societies, and to find out the conditions which enabled them to enjoy real prosperity after the 1930s. The following points must be emphasized here: (1) The so-called Starr-Bowkett building societies, peculiar terminating societies which were dependent on smaller subscriptions, and grew explosively between the 1870s, have been regarded as heretical and insignificant by several historians. But analysis of their prospectuses and rules showed that the Starr-Bowkett societies were in fact mirror images of the bigger permanent societies, which themselves evolved after the 1870s from basic terminating societies, but gradually lost their original co-operativecharacter and developed many similarities to banks. Although these two kinds of building society looked quite different, they reffected two sides of the same phenomenon. (2) The growth of Star-Bowkett societies, therefore, enlarged the scope of the Building Society Movement so that they attracted a much poorer part of the population. At the same time, they bebame an obstacle to further development of the big permanent societies, clearly ecouraging the latter's metamorphosis, or their growing resemblance to banks. (3) The Building Societies Act of 1894 can be explained as one solution to the conffict between the different types of building society. The problem, which was crystallized in the Building Society Movement of the 19th century, was controlled and evaded by this Act, and a nw era of building societies dawned.
- 社会経済史学会の論文
- 1993-09-25