一六、一七世紀カスティーリャの羊毛貿易
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概要
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The purpose of this paper is to present a new view of the decline of Spain. Historians who were influenced by Earl J. HAMILTON have argued that the economic downfall of Spain in the seventeenth century was caused by the fall of the American trade. This argument, however, fails to explain incipient changes that Castilian economy had experienced by the later sixteenth century. These changes deprived North Castile of the economic leadership in the kingdom of Castile and occasioned the subsequent predominance of the Southern Castile in it. Then it is necesarry to make much account of the interaction between the North Castilian economy and the expansion of the American trade, in the sixteenth century. The Spanish Habsburg monarchy, counting on the big foreign merchants, encouraged the American trade. But this policy disrupted the 'traditional'economic basis of Northen Castile, and in the long run, eroded the basis of the whole Castilian economy. Castilian wool exports from North Castilian ports to the Low Countries expanded in the early fifteenth centry. The heyday of these exports was in the first half of the sixteenth century. The main exporters of Castilian wool were North Castilian merchants of the Consulado of Burgos. They employed Basque and othe North Castillian ships to send their cargoes. But after the 1570s, when the Dutch rebellion took place, shipsments to the Low Countries began to decline rapidly, and the wool exports from Alicante to Italy increased. Thus while in the second half of the sixteenth century the American trade from Seville, a South Castilian port, began to flourish, North Castilian wool trade to the Low Countries, the chief support of the 'traditional' economic basis of Northern Castile, declined.
- 社会経済史学会の論文
- 1993-01-25