イギリス一八四四年工場法における婦人労働の規制について
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概要
- 論文の詳細を見る
The Factory Act of 1844 imposed certain regulations on adult female labour for the first time in the history of British factory acts. The purpous of this paper is to crarify the idea which lied behind the regulations through studying the process of legislation of the act, looking much of dispute whether adult females were free agents or not. The views in Parliament can be classified into three major ones. (a) the faction who criticized the factory-system and who agreed to regulate the female labour. Ashley and other Tory-inclined members attributed abuses of female factory labour to the factory-system itself and prorosed to ristrict working hours of adult female to 10 hours a day. (b) the faction who supported the factory-system and who opposed to regulate the female labour. Whig-inclined or radical members who advocated laissez-faire insisted that regulations was not necessary. Not only some of them were doubtful about the affection on adult male labour but also others opposed it because female were not free agents. (c) the faction who supported the factory-system and who agreed to regulate the female labour. Other Tory-inclined and some Whig-inclined members thought the regulations were not algainst laissez-faire because females were not free agents. They insisted 12 hours was reasonable for adult females. The factory inspectors' opinion was similar to (c) in Parliament but there was one who hesitated to define adult females as non-free-agents. The view of adovocators of ten hours movement was near to (a) in Parliament but they intended to expell females as competitors out of the labour market or to shorten the working hours of adult males through the regulations of female labour. The fact that The Factory Act of 1844 imposed the ristricts on female labour means the defeat of (b) and of the idea that females were free agents. (a) and adovocators of ten hours movement promoted the legislation but were defeated in the 10 hours vs 12 hours contravercy. The act restricted the working hours of adult females to 12 hours a day as (c) and the factory inspectors had insisted and females embodied in the factory acts as those who were not free agents.
- 社会経済史学会の論文
- 1985-07-30