一九二〇年代の電気機械市場

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The purpose of this paper is to analyse the market structure of the electrical equipment industry in Japan during the 1920s. In this paper the term of electrical equipment means heavy current machines for power plants such as generators, motors and transformers, and here the competitive position of the Japanese electrical equipment industry will be analysed from the viewpoint of the change in demand condition, that is, the development of the electric power industry. During the First World War the domestic demand for electrioal equipments and the production of the Japanese electrical equipment industry both expanded remarkably, and the Japanese makers could dominete the major part of the market. However they could not make enough of heavy current machines. Soon after the First World War was over, therefore, the import of those machines was reopened, and in the first half of the 1920s the American makers were shead of Japanese ones in that market. In the latter half of the 1920s, however, the competitive condition of the electrical equipment industry got better for Japanese makers. 0ne of the important factors was the change of import duties in 1926, and therefore the tranding companies as the agencies of foreign electrical equipment makers like Mitsui-Bussan started to deal mainly with the Japanese makers' goods. Though the amount of electrical equipment output was reduced by 11% from 1921 to 1927, the production apparently increased because the price of electrical equipments was falling down by more than 40%; the competition in the market was intensified. Here worked the change in demand condition by the development of the electric power industry. While the capacity of power stations and generators increased notably, the Japanese makers could not make enough of the high capacity generator. As a result in the first half of the 1920s the import from the American makers such as General Electric Co. and Westinghouse Electric Co. went with advantage. In the middle of 1920s, however, both Shibaura-Seisakusho and Hitachi-Seisakusho started to make water turbine generators of above 10,000 K. V. A., and Mitsubishi-Denki and Mitsubishi-Zosen succeeded in making high capacity steam turbines and its generators. But Okumura-Denki Shokai could not get along in the market of high capacity generators. Thus the increase of import was caused by the change in demand condition, which worked furthermore to select promising makers in Japan.
社会経済史学会の論文
1979-12-25

一九二〇年代の電気機械市場

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