ヤズー・ミシシッピ・デルタ農業の展開 : センサスの整理に基く概観

概要

論文の詳細を見る
The purpose of this note is to analyze the development of the Yazoo Mississippi Delta which was the most powerful plantation area in the South in the first half of the twentieth century. (1) The agriculture of the Delta was hard hit by the Civil War. For example, the farm acreage in the Delta's four counties decreased from 748,000 acres in 1860 to 345,000 acres in 1870. The soil and climate conditions of the Delta were, however, so favorable for cotton raising that the Negroes began flocking into the Delta at the end of the 1860's and Negro population of the Delta increased rapidly. Therefore, the restoration and development of the Delta after the Civil War was very rapid. (2) By the beginning of the twentieth century, the Delta became the most important plantation area of the South. Of the 87,370 farmers in the Delta in 1930, 95 percent were tenants and 83 percent were Negro. These percentages were probably higher than those in any other area of the South. (3) The great part of the Negro farmers in the Delta were tenants and were subject to only a few but powerful planters. Of the 72,834 Negro farmers in the Delta, lessthan 2,000 were owner farmers. According the 1930 census, however, the average value of farm property per farm of them was considerably larger than that of all the Negro owner farmers of the South.
社会経済史学会の論文
1977-02-28