幕末維新期の地主小作関係の展開 : 甲州農村での動向を素材にして
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概要
- 論文の詳細を見る
Since the beginning of `the controversy on Japanese capitarism', we have obtained good results in the studies of landlord system. But it does not seem that good progress is recently being made in this field. Up to now, many students have analyzed the landlord system in terms of landlord management. But when we consider that landlord system as a main social structure determined the class struggle in the late Tokugawa and Meiji Restoration periods, we must examine it in terms of tenant farming that supported landlord management. The landlord system in Japan had two characteristics. Namly it was supported by (1) high farm rent and (2) peasant proprietors. In this article specific analysis is made of these characteristics. In those periods a large number of poor peasants (botsurakumudakaso and reisaimochidakaso) produced through the disintegration of peasantry remained in rural villages ad superfluous manpower, and then they were reorganized by landlords into tenant farming. There were two types of tenants in the landlord system. One type was a peasant who rented a small area of land and farmed on the same scale as he had done before the disintegration of peasantry. The other was a peasant who rented a larger area of land than his own and extended his management scale. Landlords took advantage of the latter type. This tendency of the landlords to depend on the latter was related to high rate of the rent, which was caused through the competition among peasants for rented grounds. In fact the rent was so high that it had to be paid out of a tenant's neccssary labour. And that portion of his necessary labour thus exploited as rent had to be made up for by the crop from his own land, which meant that he had to maintain a certain extent of farming scale and continue intensive farming, putting excessive labour into it. Thus the peasants found. it necessary to engage in landed-and-tenant farming instead of sheer tenant farming.
- 社会経済史学会の論文
- 1976-11-30