蔵元変質課程についての一試論 : 一七世紀後半における大阪市場の成立と関連して
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概要
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It is known that Osaka played a key role in Tokugawa economy. However, until it experienced changes in its nature after the middle of the 17th Century, it had not been the central market fitted to the Bakuhan system. In this paper, I tried to shed more light on the process of establishment of the goods circulation mechanism appropriate to the Bakuhan system by examining the changing nature of rice marchants (most of rice that they disposed of was collected by feudal lords from peasants) and its historical meanings. It has been a rather widely accepted view that the transfer from Samurai to Chonin (commoner) of the function of rice trader under the system of Kurayashiki (Daimyo's Rice Warehouse) meant the establishment of the market governed by officially authorized Osaka merchants. So, it has been a matter of major concern when "Chonin Kuramoto" (commoner keepers under Kurayashiki) emerged. In my opinion, however, all the "Chonin Kuramoto" in the Tokugawa Period did no necessarily play exactly the same economic role throughout the period. In this paper we were concerned not with the time of appearance of "Chonin Kuramoto" as such, but with the changing nature of "Chonin Kuramoto" and with the time of appearance of such "Chonin Kuramoto" that weer fitted to the policies of Tokugawa ruling class. I tried to divide the process of the change of Kuramoto-whether they were Samurai or Chonin-into three phases. The criterion in this division was what position in the rice trade institutions was given to the feudal lords compared with merchants. I emphasized that the relative power of merchants was declining over time and that in the final, third phase, the rice merchants had become mere commission agents of feudal lords; I think that such rice merchants are in fact "Chonin Kuramoto" in the historical sense of the term. Finally, I concluded that the establishment of such "Chonin Kuramoto" system was one of the evidences that the Tokugawa ruilng class had reached the point of virtual control of the circulation network over the country. According to my finding, "Chonin Kuramoto" in this sense seem to have appeared between the Kambun-Empo and the Genroku Era (1663-1703). This conclusion will be consistent with other facts which indicate changes in the nature of Osaka market. I mentioned as examples of such facts two phenomena, the establishment of Osaka wholesale merchants and the financing to lords by merchants in the final parts of the paper.
- 社会経済史学会の論文
- 1970-03-20
著者
関連論文
- 西川俊作著, 『江戸時代のポリティカル・エコノミー』, 日本評論社、一九七九年十二月、二二八頁、一四〇〇円
- 新保博・速水融・西川俊作, 『数量経済誌入門 : 日本の前工業化社会』, 日本評論社、一九七五年九月
- 蔵元変質課程についての一試論 : 一七世紀後半における大阪市場の成立と関連して
- James I. Nakamura 『Agricultural Production and the Economic Development of Japan 1873-1922』, (Princeton Univ. Press, 1966, 267 pp+xiii)
- 明治後期〜昭和初期鴻池における多角化挫析と専業志向 (第15回〔経営史学会〕大会特集号)