新中国建国初期の対民営企業政策 : 「民主改革」・「三反五反」運動と汽舶会社の公私営化

概要

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The purpose of this article is to review the early economic policies of the People's Republic from a standpoint critical of the revolutionary view of history. Specifically, by studying the actual conditions of steamship companies, we intend to show that political movements such as 'the Movement Against Three and Five Evils' and 'the Democratic Reform Movement' had a significant influence on China's subsequent transformation into a socialist state. After entering the Korean War, China made a drastic move away from 'neo-democratic' policies and started to exercise control over economic activities. In the middle of 1951, the Communist Party started 'the Movement against Three and Five Evils' and 'the Democratic Reform Movement', which took a similar form as the land reforms in targeting the bourgeoisie. Through these political movements, many major private enterprises were converted to semi-governmental corporations, and as a result, the Communist Party established a dominating role in the economy. As there was little difference between semi-governmental and state-run corporations, we can say that the China's transformation into a socialist state really began in 1951, and that the Korean War acted as the turning point.
社会経済史学会の論文
2000-11-25