神経伝達物質放出の調節機構

概要

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Ca^<2+> dependent and Ca^<2+> independent regulation mechanisms of neurotransmitter release at the synapse were reviewed. A Ca^<2+>-chelator, BAPTA, was Loaded into the presynapic nerve terminal of the frog neuromuscular junction. Then, among four components of nerve-stimulation induced increases in transmitter release, the fast facilitation was completely eliminated, while the other three slower components : the slow facilitation, augmentation and potentiation, remained unaffected. The fast facilitation was recovered, when the external Ca^<2+> was introduced into the nerve terminal. This is a strong support for the residual Ca^<2+> hypothesis on the fast facilitation and shows that the three slower components occur independently of internal Ca^<2+> concentration. ATP, TNBS, crotoxin, erithrosin B and hypertonicity were also suggested to modulate the release independently of internal Ca^<2+> concentration. Ca^<2+> independent regulation of transmitter release has also been reported on many other synapses, recently.
日本生物物理学会の論文
1992-07-25